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Bedford Highlanders

Rest and Recreation

Places > Bedford > First World War > Regiments | Bedford Highlanders Home

Men of the 5th Seaforth Highlanders posing in Garfield Street.

Men of the 5th Seaforth Highlanders posing in Garfield Street. The residence in the background is a terraced property, Garfield House.
Garfield Street is within the 'Prime Ministers' area of town (also coloquially known as 'Black Tom') bordered by Roff Avenue, Foster Hill Road and Clarendon Street. The streets within this district were home to the 5th Seaforth from August 1914 to May 1915.
The man sitting in the cart and drinking from a bottle of Charles Wells beer is believed to be one Tom McLennan, whose wife was apparently far from impressed when she saw the photo! The reason for the celebration is unknown.
Of particular note in this picture are the distinctive, brimmed items of headwear worn by several of the men. These were actually canvas covers for the Glengarry and were a short-lived innovation which only the 5th and 6th Seaforth appear to have been issued with a month, or so, before the Highland Division left Bedford for France. The idea behind the design was that the brim of the hat would provide the wearer's head and face with a greater degree of protection in wet weather.
By the time the Highlanders arrived in France, Scottish regiments were replacing their Glengarries with the Balmoral bonnet, an item of headwear more akin to a beret in appearance, which soon gave way to the broader-brimmed Tam o'Shanter. The 'Tammie'was then standard issue to Highland regiments for the remainder of the war.
(photo: courtesy of Richard Galley)


Goldington Avenue

This photograph (Bedford & Luton Archives and Records Service) includes several of the men who appear in the image of no. 3 Section 'C' Company, 9th Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders outside 23 Goldington Avenue.
In this photo, Charlie Doig is marked with a cross. The men appear to be re-enacting the inoculation process and have torn up their towels to make makeshift slings. The man at the back with a towel on his head seems to be playing the part of Matron!
Of particular note are the moulded plaster ceiling roses which are being displayed like trophies. In the winter of 1914/15 firewood and coal seem to have been in very short supply for the men in unfurnished billets. So much so that they resorted to dismantling the houses they were living in to find anything to burn; floor boards, banisters, internal doors etc. all seemed to be fair game. It's likely that Charlie Doig and his mates had taken down the ceilings to get to the wooden laths under the plaster.
The County archive holds several letters sent from property owners and letting agents to the authorities complaining about the state that unfurnished billets were left in when the Highlanders marched-out. In fact, the Welsh Division arrived in Bedford almost as soon as the Scots had left and were due to take over the recently vacated billets. They were unable to do so until the properties were renovated.
One can't really blame the men in such circumstances. It was a particularly bleak winter, many of the men were sick and those living in unfurnished billets had little, or nothing, in the way of creature comforts, least of all the means to keep warm.


7th Argyle and Sutherland

Members of the 7th Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders enjoying their off-duty time and posing for the camera in the middle of Bushmead Avenue, Bedford on a warm afternoon in late August 1914. (photo: courtesy of Richard Galley)


Recreation Tent

The local theatres, music halls and cinemas provided options for off duty soldiers and a number of canteens, reading and recreation rooms were established by organisations as diverse as the YMCA, the Bedford Borough Recreation Committee for the Troops and United Free Church of Scotland.
"By the end of August 1914, fifteen recreation rooms were opened, and in the subsequent four months there were no fewer than forty-seven centres in Bedford. During the first three months seventeen concert parties were organised to visit Canteens in Bedford and neighbourhood, including the camps at Haynes and Howbury Parks"
'A Record of Four and Half Years Voluntary Work'; J.Hamson – pub. by Bedford Borough Recreation Committee for the Troops May 1919
The central canteen was established in Bedford's Corn Exchange, with smaller facilities being set up in church and community halls in and around Bedford. During the Highlanders'time in town it was calculated that 2cwt of porridge were being served each day by the Corn Exchange canteen alone.
In this photograph taken in Russell Park, Bedford, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders pose outside the recreation tent which had been erected for the use of men billeted in the local area.
Recreation tents were located in all the Division's billeting districts and provided the men with somewhere to go to obtain refreshments, relax with their friends, borrow books from small lending libraries and obtain stationery for catching up with their correspondence.
(photo: courtesy of Richard Galley)


Wooden Huts

As autumn gave way to winter in 1914, the authorities realised that the recreation tents in each billeting area were no longer adequate for providing sufficient shelter. The tents were replaced by more substantial, semi-permanent wooden huts and the example shown in this photograph was located in Bedford Park for use by men of the Seaforth and Cameron Brigade who were billeted in the district.
(photo: courtesy of Richard Galley)


Outside recreation hall 

Gordon Highlanders pose outside their recreation hall located in Hurst Grove, Bedford. Some of the local people who ran the facility are included in the photo. (Photograph: courtesy of Richard Galley)
"What a lot the division owed to Bedfordians – and to the women particularly. We thrived on their kindness. Seventeen thousand men on full pay bring a lot of money into a town; and while our thoughts were engrossed on training for war every big and little shop blossomed into a canteen, and every public house took thought how it could increase its stature. But all of the natives of Bedford were not shopkeepers and publicans, and a least half of the inhabitants were making no wealth from billeting. We can have brought neither pleasure nor profit to a goodly proportion – to the old gentlemen who made us welcome at their clubs; to the middle-aged ladies whose peace of mind we shattered. Yet we received from all the greatest kindness."
'Behind the Lines'; Col W.N. Nicholson, CMG, DSO – Jonathan Cape Ltd 1939


Men outside Gordon Arms

"We have been asked to express to the people of Bedford the Commanding Officers'grateful recognition of the many acts of kindness bestowed on their men, and to express the hope that the townsfolk will refrain from buying the men intoxicating liquors"
Bedfordshire Times and Independent 21/8/14

"The conduct of the men here has been wonderfully good. There are now 25,000 Scotsmen here just now, and as you know the English always blame the Scottish for drunkenness. Well a drunk "Tommy" is about the scarcest thing in Bedford, and during the six months we have been here out of 140 men under me, I have only had one man in front of me for being drunk."
Letter from Capt. Stewart Coats, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders, Bedford 1915

This photograph captures the scene outside the Gordon Arms, Castle Road, Bedford one sunny summer afternoon in 1914. Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders enjoying their off duty time in the company of local people.


Page last updated: 15th July 2014